The microstructure of 3XXX series aluminum alloy ingots, the transformation of the second phases such as Fe-containing phase during homogenization process and the morphological changes of finished material can samples during the boiling process by disinfectants were studied by means of metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope and matching energy spectrometer. The results show that during different production processes such as alloy melting, homogenization and rolling deformation, the microstructure of 3XXX aluminum alloy can be corroded under specific conditions, and the content and morphology of Fe-containing phase in the microstructure can be affected by the external corrosion environment to varying degrees. The Al6(Fe, Mn) phase, which is larger in size and exists in a sharp state, scratches the matrix structure during the rolling deformation process, promoting the matrix corrosion. The α-Al12(Fe, Mn)3Si phase, which is relatively distributed in a discontinuous and round shape, has higher corrosion resistance and can improve the processing performance of the alloy structure. After boiling by disinfectants, the finished material samples mainly exhibit corrosion characteristics at the defect damage areas of the aluminum matrix, and the degree of corrosion increases with the increasing of the damage degree of matrix tissue.