锻压技术

多向锻造对H13模具钢热疲劳和高温抗氧化性能的影响

英文标题：Influence of multi-directional forging on thermal fatigue property and high-temperature oxidation resistance for H13 die steel

作者：曹源1 李强军2

单位：1.河南工业职业技术学院汽车与航空工程学院 2.河南大学材料学院

关键词：多向锻造锻造道次 H13模具钢热疲劳性能高温抗氧化性能

分类号：TG316.3

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(2):16-23

摘要：

多向锻造是金属材料改性的有效途径，为了探究多向锻造对H13模具钢热疲劳性能和高温抗氧化性能的影响规律，采用不同的锻造道次对H13模具钢试样进行了多向锻造，以及1000次650 ℃加热+-20 ℃冷却循环的热疲劳试验和600 ℃保温100 h的高温氧化试验，最后使用扫描电镜对试样内部的显微组织进行了分析。研究表明：与多向锻造前相比，2道次多向锻造使H13模具钢试样的热疲劳级别从9级升为4级；单位面积质量增重从121 mg·mm-2减小至63 mg·mm-2，较多向锻造前减小了47.93%。多向锻造细化了H13模具钢试样内部的碳化物尺寸并改善了碳化物分布均匀性，提高了H13模具钢试样的热疲劳性能和高温抗氧化性能，但其热疲劳性能和高温抗氧化性能未能随多向锻造道次的进一步增加而继续明显提高。

Multi-directional forging is an effective way to modify metal materials. Therefore, in order to investigate the influence laws of multi-directional forging on the thermal fatigue property and high-temperature oxidation resistance for H13 die steel, the H13 die steel samples were subjected to multi-directional forging by different forging passes, and the thermal fatigue tests were conducted 1000 times with heating at 650 ℃ and cooling at -20 ℃ cycles, as well as the high-temperature oxidation tests were also conducted with insulation at 600 ℃ for 100 hours. Finally, the microstructure inside the samples was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The research shows that compared with before multi-directional forging, the multi-directional forging with two passes upgrades the thermal fatigue level of H13 die steel samples from level 9 to level 4, and the mass gain per unit area decreases from 121 mg·mm-2 to 63 mg·mm-2, representing a reduction of 47.93% compared to the state before multi-directional forging. Multi-directional forging refines the carbide size inside H13 die steel specimens, improves the uniformity of carbide distribution, and significantly enhances the thermal fatigue property and high-temperature oxidation resistance of H13 die steel samples. However, the thermal fatigue property and high-temperature oxidation resistance of H13 die steel samples do not continue to significantly improve with the further increasing of multi-directional forging passes.

基金项目：

河南省高等教育教学改革研究与实践项目（教高2019740）；国家职业教育新能源汽车技术专业教学资源库（2018-07-KCJS11）

作者简介：曹源（1988-），女，学士，讲师,E-mail：897507193@qq.com

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