锻压技术

不同化学成分对TP316H不锈钢力学性能及铁素体含量的影响

英文标题：Influence of different chemical components on mechanical properties and ferrite content of TP316H stainless steel

单位：1. 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 2. 北京科技大学新金属材料国家重点实验室

分类号：TG142.1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(3):205-211

摘要：

为了探究不同化学成分对TP316H不锈钢力学性能及铁素体含量的影响规律，研究了不同碳含量（质量分数）对室温拉伸试验、高温拉伸试验及晶间腐蚀的影响规律。利用Thermo-Calc软件计算得到了TP316H不锈钢在热力学平衡条件下的凝固过程和平衡相组成。结果表明，随着碳含量从0.019%增加至0.060%，其室温屈服强度由241 MPa提高至258 MPa，抗拉强度由579 MPa提高至604 MPa，高温屈服强度由124 MPa提高至129 MPa，抗拉强度由407 MPa提高至449 MPa，且强度增加幅度逐渐降低。当碳含量超过0.06%时，易产生晶间裂纹。在舍夫勒组织图中，TP316H不锈钢落在完全奥氏体区边缘，其铁素体含量与Cr当量和Ni当量密切相关。当基体存在铁素体时，通过在高温1200 ℃保温10 h后，铁素体含量控制在1%以下。

To investigate the influence laws of chemical composition on the mechanical properties and ferrite content of TP316H stainless steel, the different influence laws of carbon content (mass fraction) on the tensile properties at room temperature,tensile properties at high-temperature and intergranular corrosion properties were studied. The Thermo-Calc software was used to calculate the solidification process and equilibrium phase composition of TP316H steel under thermodynamic equilibrium conditions. The results show that as the carbon content increases from 0.019% to 0.060%, the yield strength at room temperature increases from 241 MPa to 258 MPa, the tensile strength increases from 579 MPa to 604 MPa, the yield strength at high temperature increases from 124 MPa to 129 MPa, the tensile strength increases from 407 MPa to 449 MPa, and the increase range of strength decreases. When the carbon content exceeds 0.06%, intergranular cracks are prone to occur. In the Shaeffler structure diagram, TP316H stainless steel falls on the edge of fully austenitic zone, and its ferrite content is closely related to the Cr equivalent and Ni equivalent. When ferrite exists in the matrix, the ferrite content is below 1% by holding the stainless steel at 1200 ℃ for 10 h.

基金项目：

作者简介：涂明金（1982-），男，硕士，正高级工程师 E-mail：tumingjin2004@163.com 通信作者：贾晓斌（1988-），男，硕士，高级工程师 E-mail：814308071@qq.com

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