锻压技术

车用齿轮轴闭式模锻工艺仿真及优化

英文标题：Simulation and optimization on closed die forging process for automotive gear shaft

作者：王鸿志

单位：上海应用技术大学工程训练中心上海 201418

分类号：TG316.8

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(6):18-26

摘要：

为解决一种车用齿轮轴采用闭式模锻生产存在模具寿命短的问题，利用Deform-3D模拟了齿轮轴的模锻成形过程。首先，对齿轮轴材料的力学性能及模具材料的磨损性能进行了研究，并拟合得到了曲线模型。其次，以建立的各模型为基础，完成了现行工艺下的齿轮轴成形仿真，以验证模型的准确性，同时以模具寿命最大化为目标，对模锻工艺进行了局部调整和优化。最后，对优化后的工艺进行了检验。结果表明：当上、下冲头采用差速进给且速度分别为36和54 mm·s-1，同时坯料初始温度和模具预热温度分别为1100和360 ℃时，模具的受力和磨损程度均更小，齿轮轴锻件的成形质量有一定提高，且试制生产的齿轮轴能够达到目标质量，有效提高了模具寿命。

In order to solve the problem of poor die life for an automotive gear shaft produced by closed die forging, the die forging process of the gear shaft was simulated by Deform-3D. Firstly, the mechanical properties of the gear shaft material and the wear properties of the die material were studied, and the curve model was fitted. Secondly, based on the established models, the gear shaft forming simulation under the current process was completed to verify the accuracy of the model. At the same time, with the aim of maximizing the die life, the forging process was partially adjusted and optimized. Finally, the optimized process was tested. The results show that when the upper and lower punches adopt differential feed with the speeds of 36 and 54 mm·s-1 respectively, and the initial billet temperature and the preheating temperature of die are 1100 and 360 ℃ respectively, the force and wear of the die are smaller, and the forming quality of the gear shaft forgings is improved to some extent. The trial-produced gear shaft achieves the target quality, which effectively improves the die life.

基金项目：

作者简介：王鸿志（1990-），男，学士，助理实验师,E-mail：wanghz212@163.com

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