锻压技术

半封闭式薄壁结构的耐撞性研究及优化

英文标题：Research and optimization on crashworthiness for semi-closed hin-walled structures

作者：马箫李烨雯

分类号：O342

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(6):78-85

摘要：

薄壁结构以其轻量化、易于生产、吸能性好等优异特点广泛应用于汽车、航空航天等领域。在传统吸能结构的基础上，提出了一种半封闭式薄壁结构，对比了4种截面形状下半封闭铝合金薄壁管与普通裸管的耐撞性。模拟结果显示，半封闭式薄壁管的吸能性能优于普通裸管，且半封闭方形管结构的能量吸收能力很强，比吸能高达17952.20 J·kg-1，相较于方形裸管提高了110%。其中，螺距为20 mm和圈数为2的半封闭式薄壁管的耐撞性能较好。最后，利用响应面法对半封闭管件结构进行优化，结果表明：优化后薄壁结构的厚度为2.496 mm、肋板的厚度为0.826 mm、螺距为21.800 mm，比吸能较优化前提高了58.04%。研究结果为半封闭结构的实际应用提供了一定的理论依据。

Thin-walled structures are widely used in automotive, aerospace and other fields due to their excellent characteristics of light weight, easy production and good energy absorption. Therefore, based on the traditional energy-absorbing structures, a semi-closed thin-walled structure was proposed, and the crashworthiness of semi-closed aluminum alloy thin-walled tubes and ordinary bare tubes under four cross-sectional shapes was compared. The simulation results show that the energy absorption performance of the semi-enclosed thin-walled tube is better than that of the ordinary bare tube, and the semi-closed square tube structure has a strong energy absorption capacity with a specific energy absorption of up to 17952.20 J·kg-1, which is 110% higher than that of the square bare tube. Among them, the semi-closed thin-walled tube with a pitch of 20 mm and two loops has better crashworthiness. Finally, the structure of the semi-closed tube was optimized by the response surface method. The results show that the thickness of the optimized thin-walled structure is 2.496 mm, the thickness of rib is 0.826 mm, and the pitch is 21.800 mm, which increases the specific energy absorption by 58.04% compared with that before optimization. Thus, the research results provide a certain theoretical basis for the practical application of semi-closed structure.

基金项目：

校引进人才科研启动基金项目（19YB18）

作者简介：马箫（1987-），女，博士，讲师,E-mail：540721373@qq.com;通信作者：李烨雯（2000-），女，硕士研究生,E-mail：2416165907@qq.com

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