锻压技术

淬火回火工艺对热轧高强钢组织和力学性能的影响

英文标题：Influence of quenching and tempering process on organization and mechanical properties for hot-rolled high-strength steel

作者：于永梅1 熊凡皓1 李治国2

单位：1. 沈阳化工大学机械与动力工程学院 2. 华鲁锻压机床有限公司

关键词：热轧高强钢淬火回火组织演变力学性能强塑性

分类号：TG161

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(7):219-226

摘要：

对热轧高强钢通过盐浴实验进行了不同温度的淬火回火处理，并对实验钢的组织演变与力学性能进行检测。结果表明：在淬火回火工艺下，随退火温度的升高，马氏体含量增多，铁素体含量减少，残余奥氏体下降。采用“两次淬火+回火”工艺来细化晶粒，随回火温度的升高，马氏体回火程度增加，同时贝氏体和残奥含量有所增多。与淬火回火工艺相比，“两次淬火+回火”工艺下残余奥氏体含量增加，伸长率升高4%，冲击韧性明显提高，但屈服强度和抗拉强度分别降低345和220 MPa。在“两次淬火+400 ℃回火”时，实验钢获得强塑性的最优匹配，此时屈服强度、抗拉强度分别为660和995 MPa，伸长率为26.9%，-20 ℃和-40 ℃下冲击功分别为84.06和65.23 J。

The hot-rolled high-strength steel was subjected to quenching and tempering treatment at different temperatures by salt bath experiments, and the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the experimental steel were detected. The results show that under the quenching and tempering process, with the increasing of annealing temperature, the martensite content increases, the ferrite content decreases, and the residual austenite decreases. The “double quenching and tempering” process is used to refine the grains, and with the increasing of tempering temperature, the tempering degree of martensite increases, and the content of bainite and residual austenite increases. Compared with the quenching and tempering process, the residual austenite content of the “double quenching and tempering” process is increased, the elongation is increased by 4%, and the impact toughness is significantly improved, but the yield strength and tensile strength are decreased by 345 and 220 MPa, respectively. In the case of “double quenching and 400 ℃ tempering”, the experiment steel obtains the optimal match of strength and plasticity. At this time, the yield strength and tensile strength are 660 and 995 MPa, respectively, the elongation is 26.9%, and the impact energies at -20 and -40 ℃ are 84.06 and 65.23 J, respectively.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金面上资助项目（51974085）

作者简介：于永梅（1974-）女，博士，副教授，硕士生导师 E-mail：Yongmei_yu@126.com 通信作者：李治国（1998-），男，硕士研究生 E-mail：2106751839@qq.com

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