The composition of the slender shaft part automatic loading and unloading device was introduced and the systems of automatic control, pressing, loading and unloading were described. According to the characteristics of slender shaft part, the mechanical parts of automatic charging systems and automatic unloading systems were innovatively designed. During the process, the workpieces were moved from the loading wheel with a groove into the loading gear with the same groove. When the work was finished, the workpieces would be moved back from the unloading gear with a groove into the unloading gear with the same groove. Finally,the automatic unloading was realized,which replaces the manual operations in many enterprises at present.