Fracture failure analysis of steering tie rod 42CrMo was conducted by chemical composition analysis, hardness test and macro-micro and force analysis of fracture region. The results show that the failure is caused by fatigue fracture under alternative load and the fatigue fracture results directly from severe stress concentration. The influence of structure parameters on the stress concentration is analyzed by the finite element software ANSYS Workbench, orthogonal experiment design and variance analysis method, and it is showed that the gap size A of the tie rod is the main factor resulting in increasing of stress concentration. After optimization design, the stresses of the fracture region are reduced by 20.89% and 13.72% respectively. The bulk-production tie rod appears no fracture failure again after the optimization of structure parameters, which meets the production requirement.
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