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In order to improve riveting strength and flatness of steel-aluminum dissimilar material, the process optimization method combining neutral network and heuristic algorithm was proposed. Then, the self-piercing riveting process flow was analyzed, and the quality parameters of riveted joint and the process parameters affecting the joint quality were determined. Furthermore, the riveting experiment was designed, and the nonlinear relationships between quality parameters and process parameters were fitted by neutral network with single hidden layer. After analysis, the fitting error conforms to normal curve distribution, the mean value of error is close to 0, and the standard deviation of error is extremely small, which indicates that the fitting effect of neutral network with single hidden layer is better. In addition, aiming at increasing the interlocking value of riveted joints and decreasing the head height, an optimization model of parameters was established, the influence of inertia weight on the particle swarm algorithm was analyzed, and the model solving method of the multi-subswarm particle swarm algorithm was proposed. The experimental verification shows that after optimization, the average interlocking value of riveted joints increases by 15.86%, and the average head height decreases by 15.38% indicating that the process optimization effectively improves the quality of riveted joints.
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