Abstract: A calculation model for Ni-based superalloy GH4169 based on molecular dynamics was established to simulate and analyse the uniaxial tensile process at the temperature of 300, 600 and 920 K, and the influences of temperature on the dislocation evolution and mechanical behavior inside the model were discussed. The results show that the stress-strain curves of Ni-based superalloy GH4169 in the elastic deformation range at room temperature(300 K) and high temperature(600 and 920 K) are not significantly different, which proves that Ni-based superalloy GH4169 has good resistance to high temperature (920 K). During the deformation process, the proportion of FCC structure atoms gradually decreases, and the higher the temperature, the slower the decreasing rate of FCC structure atom proportion. According to the evolution of atomic structure within the system, the overall deformation process can be divided into elastic zone, plastic activation zone and stress release zone. After entering the plastic activation zone, a large number of Shockley incomplete dislocations are formed, and the density of Shockley incomplete dislocations is gradually decreased during the subsequent deformation process, evolving into other types of dislocations.This study provides theoretical guidance for the microstructural changes of Ni-based superalloy during deformation.