Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment

Title：Optimization and experimental verification on closed forging process for automotive universal joint cross shaft

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ClassificationCode：TH164

year,vol(issue):pagenumber：2025,50(8):39-47

Abstract：

In order to enhance the market competitiveness of enterprises, based on the structural characteristics of cross shaft parts and cold forging technology theory, two cold forming schemes were proposed, including single-punch closed die forging process and double-punch semi-closed die forging process. Then, the flow stress model of 20Cr steel was established by software DEFORM, and numerical simulation of two processes were conducted. Furthermore, the feasibility of one-time forming for the cross shaft was studied, and the metal flow law, temperature field, forming force and clamping force during the forming process were analyzed and compared. Finally, the microstructure simulation of the double-punch semi-closed die forging process was completed, and the forging and metallographic tests were carried out. The results show that by the double-punch semi-closed die forging process, the material flow is more uniform, the metal streamline is more reasonable, and the workpiece is less likely to have defects. In the forming process, the temperature field distribution is more uniform, with a relatively high temperature at core and a small temperature difference between the upper and lower surfaces, which has less impact on the forming quality of the workpiece. The forming force and clamping force required for forming forgings are smaller, which is more conducive to extending the service life of die. The forging and metallographic tests are completely consistent with the simulation results, verifying the accuracy of the simulation result.

Funds：

2025年度河南省软科学研究计划项目（252400411123）；2024年度许昌市重点研发与推广专项（科技攻关）（2024017）

作者简介：李俊涛(1987-)，男，学士，讲师 E-mail：15516747007@163.com

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