锻压技术

基于Deform的三缸曲轴锻模设计

英文标题：Design on forging die for three-cylinder crankshaft based on Deform

作者：徐华1 2 胡双锋1 付秀娟1 胡小艳3

单位：1. 武汉工程大学材料科学与工程学院 2. 安徽博斯特科技有限公司 3. 武汉汇创精密机械制造有限公司

分类号：TG316

出版年,卷(期):页码：2022,47(1):161-167

摘要：

在分析了42CrMo钢三缸曲轴结构特征的基础上，采用Deform软件，优化了预锻件敷料结构，敷料轮廓由直线相交转变为圆弧过渡，并将夹角由15°优化为20°，降低了模膛应力值；设计了便于变形、分模以及后续配重的余块结构，并在预锻模边缘设计了半开半闭式挤压筒结构，分配了预、终锻变形量，得到了预、终锻模具结构。利用Deform3D对预、终锻成形过程进行了数值模拟，预锻件飞边为15～55 mm，终锻件飞边为35～65 mm，预、终锻件飞边的实测值比模拟结果大5 mm，锻件预锻温度设计为1200 ℃，终锻结束时温度高于900 ℃。生产实践表明：模拟结果可以辅助锻模结构设计，锻件飞边均匀、模膛填充饱满，终锻件符合图样技术要求，满足验收标准。

Based on the analysis of structural characteristics for three-cylinder crankshaft of 42CrMo steel, the dressing structure of pre-forgings was optimized by software Deform, the dressing contour was changed from the straight line intersection to the arc transition, and the intersection angle was optimized from 15° to 20° to reduce the stress value of die cavity. Furthermore, the remaining block structure was designed in order to facilitate deformation, mold splitting and subsequent counterweights, the semi-open and semi-closed extrusion barrel structure was designed at the edge of pre-forging die, the pre-forging and final forging deformation amounts were distributed, and the pre-forging and final forging die structures were obtained. Finally, the forming processes of pre-forging and final forging were numerical simulated by Deform-3D respectively, and the flash values of pre-forgings and final forgings were 15-55 mm and 35-65 mm respectively, which was 5 mm smaller than the measured values. In addition, the pre-forging temperature of forgings was designed to be 1200 ℃, and the temperature at the end of final forging was over 900°. The production practice shows that the simulation results can assist the structural design of the forging die, the flash of forgings is uniform, the die cavity is filled fully, and the final forgings meet the technical requirements of drawing and acceptance criteria.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金资助项目（51575406）；武汉工程大学科学研究基金项目（K201804）

作者简介：徐华（1979-），男，学士，工程师 E-mail：78281063@qq.com 通信作者：胡双锋（1981-），男，硕士，讲师 E-mail：254117912@qq.com

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