锻压技术

喙形U状长环唇口多道次复合拉深控形技术

英文标题：Shape control technology of multi-pass composite drawing for beak-shaped and U-shaped long ring lip

作者：白颖韩艳彬刘波鲁帆李世峰赵伟民

分类号：TG386

出版年,卷(期):页码：2024,49(6):116-125

摘要：

喙形U状长环硬铝唇口结构复杂，拉深成形困难。借助有限元数值模拟技术开展了喙形U状长环唇口两道次复合拉深成形方法研究，提出一种多道次拉深成形初始工序件的设计方法，通过展开毛坯逆推法确定了初始工序件的合理成形高度，分析了首道次充液拉深压边间隙、初始反胀压力和最终液室压力等关键工艺参数对材料厚度变化的影响，以指导制定首道次拉深试验方案。提出一种变间隙反拉深模具结构设计方法，通过第2道次反拉深成形将零件内外表面进行转换，均匀材料厚度的变化量。试验结果表明：充液拉深和反拉深的有效结合可以成形截面为深U状的复杂唇口零件，合理的工艺模型、压边间隙和液室压力加载轨迹可以改善复杂结构拉深成形缺陷，减小唇口的屈曲变形和回弹。

The structure of beak-shaped and U-shaped long ring lip hard aluminum is complicated, and it is difficult to form by drawing. Therefore, based on the finite element numerical simulation technology, the two-pass composite drawing method for the beak-shaped and U-shaped long ring lip was researched, and a design method for the initial process part of multi-pass drawing was put forward. Then, the reasonable forming height of initial process part was determined by the inversion method of unfolding blank, and the influences of key process parameters such as blank holder clearance, initial anti-expansion pressure and final liquid chamber pressure of the first pass hydroforming on the thickness changes of material were analyzed to guide the formulation of the first pass drawing test scheme. Furthermore, a design method of variable clearance anti-drawing die structure was proposed, and through the second pass anti-drawing, the inner and outer surfaces of part were converted, and the change amount of uniform material thickness was obtained. The test results show that the complex lip parts with a deep U-shaped cross section can be formed by the effective combination of hydroforming and anti-drawing. Thus, the reasonable process model, blank holder clearance and liquid chamber pressure loading trajectory can not only improve the drawing defects in complex structures but also reduce the buckling deformation and springback of lips.

基金项目：

作者简介：白颖（1972-），女，学士，研究员级高工,E-mail：baiyingsyh@163.com

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