锻压技术

6XXX系铝合金分流模挤压焊合质量和横向焊缝模拟研究

英文标题：Simulation study on welding quality and transverse weld of 6XXX series aluminum alloy during porthole die extrusion

作者：王昭河1 高文林2 王继成2 刘中秋1 李宝宽1

单位：1. 东北大学冶金学院辽宁沈阳 110819 2. 核兴航材（天津）科技股份有限公司天津 300300

关键词：6XXX系铝合金分流模挤压焊合质量横向焊缝挤压工艺参数流动死区

分类号：TG376

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(5):155-164

摘要：

对6XXX系铝合金集流管的分流模挤压过程进行了模拟研究，并通过实际挤出型材不同截面上的横向焊缝分布验证了模型的准确性，分析了挤压速度和挤压温度对金属流动速度、温度分布、挤压过程所需挤压力、焊合质量和横向焊缝长度的影响。结果表明：提高挤压速度可提升型材的生产效率，但挤压速度超过1.2 m·min-1后焊合质量下降，挤压速度为1.5 m·min-1时型材的局部温度超限；挤压温度由480 ℃升高至520 ℃，峰值挤压力由17.08 MN降低至15.17 MN，但焊合界面的结合性能下降。横向焊缝长度主要受材料流动速度分布的影响，而挤压温度对焊缝演化影响不显著；在1.5 m·min-1的高挤压速度下，流动死区由挤压速度为0.6 m·min-1时的19.4%降低至13.9%，使焊缝缩短了26.5%。

The porthole die extrusion process for 6XXX series aluminum alloy collector tube was simulated, and the accuracy of the model was validated by the distribution of transverse welds on different sections of the actual extruded profiles. Then, the influences of extrusion speed and extrusion temperature on metal flow velocity, temperature distribution, extrusion force required for the extrusion process, welding quality and transverse weld length were analyzed. The results indicate that increasing the extrusion speed can improve the production efficiency of profiles. However, when the extrusion speed exceeds 1.2 m·min-1, the welding quality decreases, and when the extrusion speed is 1.5 m·min-1, the local temperature of profiles exceeds the limit. When the extrusion temperature is elevated from 480 ℃ to 520 ℃, the peak extrusion force decreases from 17.08 MN to 15.17 MN, but the bonding performance of the welding interface deteriorates. Furthermore, the length of the transverse weld is mainly affected by the distribution of the material flow velocity, while the extrusion temperature has a less significant effect on the evolution of welds. At a high extrusion speed of 1.5 m·min-1, the flow dead zone decreases from 19.4% at an extrusion speed of 0.6 m·min-1 to 13.9%, which shortens the welds by 26.5%.

基金项目：

辽宁省兴辽人才-青年拔尖人才项目（XLYC2203064）;辽宁省优秀青年基金资助项目（2023JH3/10200001）

作者简介：王昭河（1999-），男，硕士研究生，E-mail：2271902@stu.neu.edu.cn；通信作者：刘中秋（1986-），男，博士，教授，E-mail：liuzq@smm.neu.edu.cn

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